Remodeling & Restoration Terms Glossary

Welcome to our Remodeling Terminology Glossary, your essential guide to understanding the key terms and concepts used in the restoration and remodeling industry. Whether you’re a homeowner embarking on a renovation project, a contractor navigating complex plans, or a professional seeking to expand your industry knowledge, this glossary is designed to clarify the language of remodeling. By familiarizing yourself with these terms, you can better collaborate with professionals, manage expectations, and ensure your remodeling or restoration endeavor is successful and stress-free.

A

110 Line
A standard household electrical circuit operating at 110 volts, suitable for most everyday appliances and lighting fixtures.

220 Line
A high-voltage electrical circuit used for heavy-duty appliances like dryers, ovens, and HVAC systems, requiring more power than standard 110-volt lines.

Acrylic Paint
A fast-drying paint made from pigment suspended in an acrylic polymer emulsion, known for its durability and versatility in various remodeling projects.

Allowance
A budget allocation within a construction contract set aside for specific items or materials that have not yet been selected by the homeowner.

Aluminum Paint
A type of paint containing aluminum particles that provide a metallic finish and enhanced durability, often used on surfaces requiring extra protection.

Angle Stop or Angle Supply
A shut-off valve located near fixtures that allows water to be turned off for individual appliances like sinks or toilets without affecting the entire system.

Architect
A licensed professional who designs buildings and oversees construction projects, ensuring structures are both functional and aesthetically pleasing.

B

Back Priming
Applying paint to the backside or exterior of woodwork to prevent warping or swelling due to moisture changes.

Baseboard
A trim piece that runs along the bottom of walls, covering the joint between the wall surface and the floor, often used for decorative and protective purposes.

Basin
A type of sink with a round shape and sloping sides, commonly used in bathrooms for washing hands and face.

Bathroom Remodel
A renovation project that updates and improves the appearance and functionality of an existing bathroom, typically including fixtures, flooring, and cabinetry.

Basement Renovations
The process of converting an unfinished basement into a usable living space, such as a family room, extra bedrooms, or a bathroom.

Bay Window
A window structure that projects outward from the main walls of a building, creating a bay within the interior space and allowing more natural light.

Bedroom Addition
An extension to an existing home that adds an additional bedroom, often increasing the home's overall space and value.

Bedroom Remodeling
Updating or redesigning an existing bedroom to enhance its functionality and appearance, which may include new layouts, storage solutions, and finishes.

Bid
A formal proposal submitted by a contractor outlining the cost and scope of work for a remodeling project.

Bidet
A plumbing fixture used in bathrooms for washing the lower body, often installed alongside toilets for enhanced hygiene.

Blistering
A defect in paint where bubbles or blisters form on the surface, usually caused by moisture or improper application techniques.

Blueprints
Detailed technical drawings created by architects that outline the design and specifications of a remodeling project, guiding the construction team.

Blushing
A paint defect characterized by a milky or hazy appearance caused by moisture or high humidity during drying.

Bond or Bonding
A financial guarantee secured by a contractor, ensuring they will complete the project according to the contract terms or cover any associated costs.

Bow Window
A type of window similar to a bay window but typically curved, creating a more rounded projection from the building's exterior.

C

Cabinet Soffit
The space between the top of upper cabinets and the ceiling in a kitchen, often used to conceal structural elements or wiring.

Casement Window
A window that is hinged on one side and opens outward, typically operated with a crank, providing good ventilation and unobstructed views.

Casing
The trim or molding that surrounds doors and windows, covering gaps and adding a finished appearance to the interior and exterior of a building.

Caulking
A flexible sealing material used to fill gaps and cracks around windows, doors, and other fixtures to prevent water and air infiltration.

Change Order
A written amendment to the original construction contract, detailing any modifications to the scope of work, cost, or timeline agreed upon by both parties.

Circuit Breaker
A safety device in an electrical panel that automatically interrupts electrical flow in a circuit when an overload or short circuit is detected, preventing damage or fire.

Colorant
The pigments or dyes added to paint to achieve desired colors, available in various hues and intensities for different design needs.

Concrete
A construction material composed of cement, water, sand, and gravel or crushed stone, used for foundations, slabs, and other structural elements.

Concrete Board or Wonder Board
A durable, moisture-resistant panel used as a substrate for tile installations in bathrooms and kitchens, providing a stable surface for grout and adhesives.

Construction Contract
A legally binding agreement between a homeowner and a contractor outlining the scope of work, pricing, timelines, and other project details for a remodeling job.

Construction Schedule
A timeline that outlines the sequence and duration of tasks involved in a remodeling project, ensuring that work progresses in an organized and timely manner.

Cost-Plus Contract
A type of construction agreement where the homeowner pays the actual costs of labor and materials plus an additional fee for the contractor’s services, often used when project costs are uncertain.

Custom Remodeling Plans
Tailored design plans created by contractors or designers based on a homeowner's specific needs and preferences, ensuring the final project meets their unique requirements.

Cycle Time
The duration of a complete operation cycle, such as the time it takes for a toilet to flush, critical for evaluating the efficiency of plumbing fixtures.

D

Deed
A legal document that transfers ownership of property from one party to another, typically used in real estate transactions.

Designer
A professional who creates aesthetic and functional plans for interior spaces, working with homeowners to realize their vision for a remodel.

Diverter
A plumbing valve that directs water flow to different outlets, such as switching between a showerhead and a handheld shower.

Door Header
A horizontal beam placed above a doorway to support the weight of the structure above, ensuring the door frame remains stable.

Double Glazing
A window construction method that uses two panes of glass with a space in between for improved insulation and energy efficiency.

Double Hung Window
A window with two vertically sliding sashes that can open from both the top and bottom, allowing for versatile ventilation and ease of cleaning.

Drop-Sheet or Drop Cloth
Protective coverings used to shield furniture, floors, and other areas from paint splatters and spills during painting projects.

Dry Rot
A type of fungal decay that destroys wood, typically caused by prolonged moisture exposure, compromising the structural integrity of buildings.

Drywall or Gypsum Wallboard
A panel made of gypsum plaster sandwiched between thick sheets of paper, used to create interior walls and ceilings in construction and remodeling.

E

Eggshell
A paint finish with a low sheen that resembles the surface of an eggshell, offering a balance between flat and semi-gloss finishes, suitable for areas requiring easy cleaning.

Elongated Bowl
A toilet bowl design that is longer and more oval-shaped than the traditional round bowl, providing increased comfort and style.

Enamel
A type of paint that dries to a hard, glossy finish, known for its durability and resistance to wear, often used on surfaces that require a smooth, hard finish.

Energy Star
A certification program by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) recognizing energy-efficient products and appliances that meet specific energy performance criteria.

Estimate
A preliminary calculation of the costs involved in a remodeling project, typically including materials, labor, and other expenses, used to help homeowners budget and plan.

Estimating
The process of determining the cost of a remodeling project, involving the assessment of materials, labor, and other expenses to provide an accurate cost forecast.

Expansion Joint
A gap or joint placed in structures to allow for the expansion and contraction caused by temperature changes, preventing cracking and structural damage.

F

Fiberglass
A material made of fine glass fibers, commonly used in insulation, window frames, and other building components for its strength and thermal properties.

Finish Coat
The final layer of paint applied over a surface, providing the desired color and finish after previous coats have been applied.

Fixed Price Contract
A construction agreement where the contractor agrees to complete the project for a set price, regardless of the actual costs incurred during the remodel.

Fixture
Permanent elements installed in a home, such as sinks, faucets, bathtubs, and toilets, which are typically fixed to walls or other structures.

Flat
A paint finish with no sheen or gloss, providing a matte appearance that is less durable but good for hiding surface imperfections.

Floor Area
The total space within the floor plan of a home, measured in square feet, used to determine the size and layout of rooms and additions.

Floor Plan
A scaled drawing of a home's layout as viewed from above, detailing the placement of walls, doors, windows, and other structural elements.

Forced Air Heating
A heating system that uses a furnace to heat air and distributes it throughout the home via ducts, providing efficient and adjustable warmth.

Frame Wall
A structural wall made from studs, plates, and sheathing, forming the framework of a building and supporting the roof, floors, and other elements.

French Hinged Door
A type of door with multiple glass panes and hinged on the sides, allowing it to open outward and provide a decorative, elegant appearance.

Frieze
A horizontal decorative band, often found on walls or ceilings, adding architectural detail and aesthetic appeal to a space.

Fuse
An electrical safety device that interrupts the flow of electricity when an excessive current is detected, preventing damage and fire risks.

G

Garage Additions
Extensions added to an existing garage or home to increase storage space, create additional living areas, or convert the garage into a usable room.

Garage Remodels
Renovations that transform an existing garage into a living space, such as a home office, game room, or additional bedrooms.

General Contractor
A contractor responsible for overseeing the entire construction or remodeling project, coordinating subcontractors, and ensuring project completion according to plans and specifications.

Generator
A device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy, providing backup power during outages and ensuring continuous operation of essential systems.

GFCI
Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter, a safety device installed in outlets to prevent electrical shocks by shutting off power when a ground fault is detected.

Gloss
A paint finish with a shiny, reflective surface, offering durability and ease of cleaning, often used in high-traffic areas and trim work.

GPF or Gallons Per Flush
A measure of the water consumption for toilets, indicating the number of gallons used each time the toilet is flushed, important for water-saving fixtures.

Graining
A painting technique that creates the appearance of wood grain on a surface, enhancing the visual texture and realism of painted wood products.

Green Remodeling
A sustainable approach to home remodeling that focuses on environmentally friendly practices, energy efficiency, and the use of eco-friendly materials.

Grout
A mortar-like substance used to fill the gaps between tiles, providing structural support and enhancing the appearance of tiled surfaces.

H

Hand Shower
A detachable showerhead connected by a hose, allowing for flexible water placement and ease of cleaning, commonly used in bathtubs or walk-in showers.

Hardboard
A type of dense fiberboard made from compressed wood fibers, used in construction for applications like wall paneling and furniture backing due to its strength and smooth surface.

Hearth
The floor area in front of a fireplace, often made of durable materials like brick or stone, providing a safe space around the fireplace.

Home Additions
Extra space added to an existing home through various types of extensions, such as new rooms, additional floors, or expanded living areas, enhancing the home's functionality and value.

Home Remodeler
A contractor or company that specializes in renovating and updating existing homes, offering services like adding rooms, updating interiors, and improving structural elements.

Home Remodeling
The process of renovating and updating different parts of a home to improve its appearance, functionality, and value, which can range from single-room updates to complete home makeovers.

Home Restoration Services
Remodeling services focused on preserving and restoring the original structure and style of a home, often involving historical or antique elements to maintain the home's character.

Hot-Water Heating
A heating system that uses heated water circulated through pipes to radiators or baseboards, providing efficient and consistent warmth throughout a home.

HVAC
Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning system, which regulates indoor temperature, air quality, and humidity, essential for comfort and energy efficiency in a home.

I

I-Beam
A type of beam with a cross-section shaped like the letter "I," commonly used in construction for its strength and ability to support heavy loads.

Industrial Paint
Highly durable paint designed for use in commercial or industrial settings, offering resistance to chemicals, abrasion, and environmental exposure.

Insulating Glass
A window construction that includes two or more panes of glass separated by a sealed air space, improving thermal insulation and reducing energy costs.

Insulation
Material used to reduce heat transfer and improve energy efficiency in a home, installed in walls, attics, floors, and other areas to maintain comfortable indoor temperatures.

J

Jamb
The vertical sides of a door or window frame, providing structure and support for the opening and often housing the latch or lock mechanism.

Jet
In plumbing fixtures like toilets and bathtubs, jets are devices that emit streams of water to create motion for flushing or bathing, enhancing functionality and comfort.

K

Kitchen Remodeling
Renovating and updating the kitchen area to improve its design, functionality, and efficiency, often involving new cabinets, countertops, appliances, and lighting.

Knot
A natural feature in wood where branches were attached to the trunk, sometimes visible on the surface of planks and boards used in construction and finishing.

L

Landing
A flat area at the top or bottom of a flight of stairs, providing a transition between different levels and often serving as a resting point or a place to change direction.

Latex Paint
A water-based paint that uses latex as a binder, known for its ease of cleaning, quick drying, and flexibility, making it popular for interior and exterior finishes.

Linseed Oil
A drying oil derived from flaxseed, used as a base in paints, varnishes, and sealants to provide a protective and glossy finish on wood surfaces.

Low Consumption Toilet
Toilets designed to use minimal water per flush, typically around 1.6 gallons, contributing to water conservation and reducing utility bills.

O

One-Piece Toilet
A toilet design where the tank and bowl are integrated into a single unit, offering a sleek appearance and easier cleaning compared to two-piece toilets.

Open-Front Toilet
A toilet design where the rim of the bowl is open at the front, often used in commercial settings for easy cleaning and maintenance.

P

Panel
A flat piece of material, usually wood or metal, used in the construction of doors, windows, cabinets, and walls, providing structure and a finished surface.

Payment Schedule
A timetable outlining when payments will be made to a contractor, typically tied to the completion of specific project milestones or phases.

Permit
Official authorization from local authorities required before commencing certain types of construction or remodeling work, ensuring compliance with building codes and regulations.

Pop-up Assembly
A mechanism in sinks and bathtubs that allows the drain stopper to be raised or lowered, enabling water to be drained or retained in the basin.

Pressure Balance Valve
A valve in shower plumbing that maintains a consistent water temperature by balancing the pressure between hot and cold water supplies, preventing sudden temperature changes.

Pressure Relief Valve
A safety device installed on water heaters and boilers that releases excess pressure to prevent equipment damage or potential explosions.

Punch List
A list of tasks and corrections that need to be completed before a remodeling project is considered finished, ensuring that all aspects meet the agreed-upon standards.

PVC or CPVC
Types of plastic piping used in plumbing systems, with PVC typically used for cold water and drainage, and CPVC for hot water supply lines due to its higher temperature resistance.

R

Remodeling Contractor
A professional or company specializing in home renovations and remodeling projects, capable of handling various aspects of the construction process from design to completion.

Riser
The vertical component of a staircase that connects the treads, determining the height between each step and contributing to the overall stair design.

Round-Front Bowl
A standard toilet bowl shape that is circular in profile, offering a traditional and compact design suitable for most bathrooms.

Room Additions
Extensions to an existing home that provide additional living space, such as extra bedrooms, bathrooms, or recreational areas, enhancing the home's functionality and value.

R-Value
A measure of thermal resistance in insulation materials, indicating how well a material can resist heat flow; higher R-values signify better insulation performance.

S

Schematic Drawing
A simplified representation of a room or building that outlines the general size and layout, used for planning and visualizing the space before detailed designs are created.

Scope of Work
A detailed description of the tasks, materials, and responsibilities involved in a remodeling project, clearly outlining what is expected from the contractor and homeowner.

Setback Thermostat
A programmable thermostat that allows users to set different temperatures for various times of the day or week, optimizing energy usage and comfort.

Single Glazing
A window construction with a single pane of glass, providing basic insulation but less energy efficiency compared to double or triple glazing.

Siphoning
The process in plumbing where water flow creates a vacuum, allowing waste to be flushed from toilets and drains by pulling it through the plumbing system.

Soffit
The underside of architectural elements such as eaves, staircases, or arches, often finished for aesthetic purposes and to conceal structural components.

Specialty Contractor
A contractor with expertise in a specific area of construction or remodeling, such as electrical work, plumbing, or HVAC, hired by the general contractor to complete specialized tasks.

Specifications or Specs
Detailed descriptions of materials, dimensions, and methods to be used in a remodeling project, ensuring that all aspects meet the desired standards and requirements.

Standard Practices of the Trades
Industry-established minimum construction standards that ensure work is performed safely, efficiently, and to a consistent quality across different projects.

Subcontractor
A contractor hired by the general contractor to perform specific tasks or services within a larger remodeling project, such as plumbing, electrical work, or painting.

Sunroom Addition
An extra room built onto a home that allows for ample natural light, often used as a space for relaxation and entertainment, and designed to function year-round.

T

Three-Way Switch
An electrical switch setup that allows control of a single light or fixture from two different locations, commonly used in hallways or stairways.

Time & Materials Contract
A type of contract where the homeowner pays for the actual cost of labor and materials plus an agreed-upon fee, typically used when project costs are uncertain.

Tongue & Groove
A woodworking joint where boards fit together with a protruding "tongue" on one board sliding into a matching "groove" on another, providing a tight and stable connection.

Tread
The horizontal part of a stair step where one places their foot, critical for the functionality and safety of stairways.

Trim
Decorative moldings and finishing elements used around windows, doors, and along walls to enhance the appearance and conceal gaps between surfaces.

Tube & Knob Wiring
An old electrical wiring method using uninsulated wires encased in porcelain tubes, commonly found in homes built before the mid-20th century.

Two-Piece Toilet
A toilet consisting of separate components for the tank and the bowl, connected together, allowing for easier repairs and maintenance.

U

Undercoat
The initial layer of paint applied to a surface to prepare it for the final topcoat, helping to seal the surface and ensure better adhesion of the finish paint.

V

Vanity
Bathroom cabinetry that includes a sink and provides storage space, enhancing both the functionality and aesthetic of the bathroom.

Vessel
A type of sink that sits atop the countertop rather than being embedded, often used as a design feature in modern bathrooms.

W

Walkthrough
The final inspection of a completed remodeling project by the homeowner and contractor to ensure all work has been completed to satisfaction and any remaining issues are addressed.

Water-Saving Toilet
A toilet designed to use minimal water per flush, typically around 1.6 gallons, helping to conserve water and reduce utility bills.

Watt
A unit of electrical power, measuring the rate of energy transfer, used to quantify the energy consumption of appliances and fixtures.

Weather-Stripping
The process of sealing gaps around windows and doors with materials like rubber, foam, or metal to prevent drafts, moisture, and pests from entering the home.

Whole House Remodels
Comprehensive renovation projects that update and transform an entire home, often involving structural changes, new layouts, and extensive improvements to multiple areas.

Z

Zoning
Local government regulations that dictate how land can be used in specific areas, including restrictions on building types, sizes, and purposes, ensuring orderly development and use of property.